Worksheet: Empirical and Molecular Formulas

1. Compound M contains 40% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass. Determine its empirical and molecular formulas.

Empirical Formula: CH2O
Molecular Formula: C2H4O2

2. Compound N has the following composition: 55.8% carbon, 13.1% hydrogen, and 31.1% oxygen by mass. Determine its empirical and molecular formulas.

Empirical Formula: C4H10O2
Molecular Formula: C8H20O4

3. Compound O is composed of 30.45% phosphorus and 69.55% oxygen by mass. Determine its empirical and molecular formulas.

Empirical Formula: P2O5
Molecular Formula: P4O10

4. Compound P has an empirical formula of CH2O and a molar mass of approximately 180 g/mol. Determine its molecular formula.

Molecular Formula: C6H12O6

5. Compound Q has an empirical formula of NH3 and a molar mass of approximately 17 g/mol. Determine its molecular formula.

Molecular Formula: NH3

6. Compound R consists of 62.1% carbon, 10.4% hydrogen, and 27.5% oxygen by mass. Determine its empirical and molecular formulas.

Empirical Formula: C4H10O2
Molecular Formula: C8H20O4

7. Compound S contains 40% carbon, 53.3% chlorine, and 6.7% hydrogen by mass. Determine its empirical and molecular formulas.

Empirical Formula: CHCl3
Molecular Formula: C2H2Cl6

8. Compound T is composed of 30% nitrogen and 70% oxygen by mass. Determine its empirical and molecular formulas.

Empirical Formula: N2O5
Molecular Formula: N4O10

9. Compound U has an empirical formula of C2H4 and a molar mass of approximately 116 g/mol. Determine its molecular formula.

Molecular Formula: C6H12

10. Compound V has an empirical formula of N2O4 and a molar mass of approximately 92 g/mol. Determine its molecular formula.

Molecular Formula: N4O8

 Answers

1. Compound M:

– Empirical Formula: CH2O

– Molecular Formula: C2H4O2

2. Compound N:

– Empirical Formula: C4H10O2

– Molecular Formula: C8H20O4

3. Compound O:

– Empirical Formula: P2O5

– Molecular Formula: P4O10

4. Compound P:

– Molecular Formula: C6H12O6

5. Compound Q:

– Molecular Formula: NH3

6. Compound R:

– Empirical Formula: C4H10O2

– Molecular Formula: C8H20O4

7. Compound S:

– Empirical Formula: CHCl3

– Molecular Formula: C2H2Cl6

8. Compound T:

– Empirical Formula: N2O5

– Molecular Formula: N4O10

9. Compound U:

– Molecular Formula: C6H12

10. Compound V:

– Molecular Formula: N4O8

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